Individual

Go to List of Family Names Go to List of People    < Previous Next >

Birth:          1 May 1283 Castle, Marlborough, Sussex, England
Death:          17 Nov 1326 Herefordshire, England
Cause of Death: beheaded

Notes
Stuart show byear as 1273 but 1283 fits
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_FitzAlan,_9th_Earl_of_Arundel
Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel[a] (1 May 1285 – 17 November 1326) was an 
English nobleman prominent in the conflict between Edward II and his barons. His 
father, Richard FitzAlan, 8th Earl of Arundel, died on 9 March 1301, while Edmund 
was still a minor. He therefore became a ward of John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey, 
and married Warenne's granddaughter Alice. In 1306 he was styled Earl of Arundel, 
and served under Edward I in the Scottish Wars, for which he was richly rewarded.

After Edward I's death, Arundel became part of the opposition to the new king Edward 
II, and his favourite Piers Gaveston. In 1311 he was one of the so-called Lords 
Ordainers who assumed control of government from the king. Together with Thomas, 
Earl of Lancaster, he was responsible for the death of Gaveston in 1312. From this 
point on, however, his relationship to the king became more friendly. This was to a 
large extent due to his association with the king's new favourite Hugh Despenser the 
Younger, whose daughter was married to Arundel's son. Arundel supported the king in 
suppressing rebellions by Roger Mortimer and other Marcher Lords, and eventually 
also Thomas of Lancaster. For this he was awarded with land and offices.

His fortune changed, however, when the country was invaded in 1326 by Mortimer, 
who had made common cause with the king's wife, Queen Isabella. Immediately after 
the capture of Edward II, the queen, Edward III's regent, ordered Arundel executed, 
his title forfeit and his property confiscated. Arundel's son and heir Richard only 
recovered the title and lands in 1331, after Edward III had taken power from the 
regency of Isabella and Mortimer. In the 1390s, a cult emerged around the late earl. 
He was venerated as a martyr, though he was never canonised.
Family and early life[edit]

Edmund FitzAlan was born in the Castle of Marlborough, in Wiltshire, on 1 May 1285.
[1] He was the son of Richard FitzAlan, 8th Earl of Arundel, and his wife, Alice of 
Saluzzo, daughter of Thomas I of Saluzzo in Italy. Richard had been in opposition to 
the king during the political crisis of 1295, and as a result he had incurred great debts 
and had parts of his land confiscated.[2] When Richard died in 09/03/1301, Edmund's 
wardship was given to John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey. Warenne's only son, William, 
had died in 1286, so his daughter Alice was now heir apparent to the Warenne 
earldom. Alice was offered in marriage to Edmund, who for unknown reasons initially 
refused her. By 1305 he had changed his mind, however, and the two were married.[3]

In April 1306, shortly before turning twenty-one, Edmund was granted possession of 
his father's title and land. On 22 May 1306, he was knighted by Edward I, along with 
the young Prince Edward – the future Edward II.[1] The knighting was done in 
expectation of military service the Scottish Wars, and after the campaign was over, 
Arundel was richly rewarded. Edward I pardoned the young earl a debt of £4,234. This 
flow of patronage continued after the death of Edward I in 1307; in 1308 Edward II 
returned the hundred of Purslow to Arundel, an honour that Edward I had confiscated 
from Edmund's father.[4] There were also official honours in the early years of Edward 
II's reign. At the new king's coronation on 25 February 1308, Arundel officiated as 
chief butler (or pincerna), a hereditary office of the earls of Arundel.[3]

Opposition to Edward II[edit]

Though the reign of Edward II was initially harmonious, he soon met with opposition 
from several of his earls and prelates.[5] At the source of the discontent was the 
king's relationship with the young Gascon knight Piers Gaveston, who had been exiled 
by Edward I, but was recalled immediately upon Edward II's accession.[6] Edward's 
favouritism towards the upstart Gaveston was an offence to the established nobility, 
and his elevation to the earldom of Cornwall was particularly offensive to the 
established nobility.[7] A group of magnates led by Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, 
forced Gaveston into exile in 1308.[8] By 1309, however, Edward had reconciled 
himself with the opposition, and Gaveston was allowed to return.[9]

Arundel joined the opposition at an early point, and did not attend the Stamford 
parliament in July 1309, where Gaveston's return was negotiated.[10] After Gaveston 
returned, his behaviour became even more offensive, and opposition towards him 
grew.[11] In addition to this, there was great discontent with Edward II's failure to 
follow up his father's Scottish campaigns.[12] On 16 March 1310, the king had to 
agree to the appointment of a committee known as the Lords Ordainers, who were to 
be in charge of the reform of the royal government. Arundel was one of eight earls 
among the twenty-one Ordainers.[13]

The Ordainers once more sent Gaveston into exile in 1311, but by 1312 he was back.
[14] Now the king's favourite was officially an outlaw, and Arundel was among the 
earls who swore to hunt him down. The leader of the opposition – after Lincoln's death 
the year before – was now Thomas, Earl of Lancaster.[15] In June 1312 Gaveston was 
captured, tried before Lancaster, Arundel and the earls of Warwick and Hereford, and 
executed.[16] A reconciliation was achieved between the king and the offending 
magnates, and Arundel and the others received pardons, but animosity prevailed. In 
1314 Arundel was among the magnates who refused to assist Edward in a campaign 
against the Scottish, resulting in the disastrous English defeat at the Battle of 
Bannockburn.[10]

Return to loyalty[edit]

Around the time of Bannockburn, however, Arundel's loyalty began to shift back 
towards the king. Edward's rapprochement towards the earl had in fact started earlier, 
when on 2 November 1313, the king pardoned Arundel's royal debts.[17] The most 
significant factor in this process though, was the marriage alliance between Arundel 
and the king's new favourites, the Despensers. Hugh Despenser the Younger and his 
father Hugh Despenser the elder were gradually taking over control of the 
government, and using their power to enrich themselves.[18] While this alienated most 
of the nobility, Arundel's situation was different. At some point in 1314–1315, his son 
Richard was betrothed to Isabel, daughter of Hugh Despenser the Younger.[17] Now 
that he found himself back in royal favour, Arundel started receiving rewards in the 
form of official appointments. In 1317 he was appointed Warden of the Marches of 
Scotland, and in August 1318, he helped negotiate the Treaty of Leake, which 
temporarily reconciled the king with Thomas of Lancaster.[10]
With Arundel's change of allegiance came a conflict of interest. In August 1321, a 
demand was made to the king that Hugh Despenser and his father, Hugh Despenser 
the elder, be sent into exile.[19] The king, facing a rebellion in the Welsh Marches, 
had no choice but to assent.[20] Arundel voted for the expulsion, but later he claimed 
that he did so under compulsion, and also supported their recall in December.[10] 
Arundel had suffered personally from the rebellion, when Roger Mortimer seized his 
castle of Clun.[21][22] Early in 1322, Arundel joined King Edward in a campaign 
against the Mortimer family.[20] The opposition soon crumbled, and the king decided 
to move against Thomas of Lancaster, who had been supporting the marcher rebellion 
all along. Lancaster was defeated at the Battle of Boroughbridge in March, and 
executed.[23]

In the aftermath of the rebellion, the Despensers enriched themselves on the forfeited 
estates of the rebels, and Hugh Despenser the elder was created Earl of Winchester 
in May 1322.[24] Also Arundel, who was now one of the king's principal supporters, 
was richly rewarded. After the capture of Roger Mortimer in 1322, he received the 
forfeited Mortimer lordship of Chirk in Wales.[10] He was also trusted with important 
offices: he became Chief Justiciar of North and South Wales in 1323, and in 1325 he 
was made Warden of the Welsh Marches, responsible for the array in Wales.[1] He 
also extended his influence through marriage alliances; in 1325 he secured marriages 
between two of his daughters and the sons and heirs of two of Lancaster's main allies: 
the deceased earls of Hereford and Warwick.[b]
Final years and death[edit]

In 1323, Roger Mortimer, who had been held in captivity in the Tower of London, 
escaped and fled to France.[22] Two years later, Queen Isabella travelled to Paris on 
an embassy to the French king. Here, Isabella and Mortimer developed a plan to 
invade England and replace Edward II on the throne with his son, the young Prince 
Edward, who was in the company of Isabella.[25] Isabella and Mortimer landed in 
England on 24 September 1326, and due to the virulent resentment against the 
Despenser regime, few came to the king's aid.[26] Arundel initially escaped the 
invading force in the company of the king, but was later dispatched to his estates in 
Shropshire to gather troops.[27] At Shrewsbury he was captured by his old enemy 
John Charlton of Powys, and brought to Queen Isabella at Hereford. On 17 November 
– the day after Edward II had been taken captive – Arundel was executed, allegedly on 
the instigation of Mortimer.[10] According to a chronicle account, the use of a blunt 
sword was ordered, and the executioner needed 22 strokes to sever the earl's head 
from his body.[28]

Arundel's body was initially interred at the Franciscan church in Hereford. It had been 
his wish, however, to be buried at the family's traditional resting place of Haughmond 
Abbey in Shropshire, and this is where he was finally buried.[29] Though he was never 
canonised, a cult emerged around the late earl in the 1390s, associating him with the 
9th-century martyr king St Edmund. This veneration may have been inspired by a 
similar cult around his grandson, Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel, who was 
executed by Richard II in 1397.[30]

Arundel was attainted at his execution; his estates were forfeited to the crown, and 
large parts of these were appropriated by Isabella and Mortimer.[31] The castle and 
honour of Arundel was briefly held by Edward II's half-brother Edmund, Earl of Kent, 
who was executed on 3 September 1330.[1] Edmund FitzAlan's son, Richard, failed in 
an attempted rebellion against the crown in June 1330, and had to flee to France. In 
October the same year, the guardianship of Isabella and Mortimer was supplanted by 
the personal rule of King Edward III. This allowed Richard to return and reclaim his 
inheritance, and on 8 February 1331, he was fully restored to his father's lands, and 
created Earl of Arundel.[32]
Issue[edit]

Edmund and Alice had at least seven children:[33]


Name

Birth date

Death date

Notes

Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel c. 1313 24 January 1376 Married (1) Isabel le 
Despenser, (2) Eleanor of Lancaster 
Edmund  — c. 1349  
Michael  —  —  
Mary  — 29 August 1396 Married John le Strange, 4th Baron Strange of Blackmere[34] 
Aline  — 20 January 1386 Married Roger le Strange, 5th Baron Strange of Knockin[35] 
Alice  — 1326 Married John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford 
Katherine  — d. 1375/76 Married (1) Henry Hussey, 2nd Baron Hussey, (2) Andrew 
Peverell 
Eleanor  —  — Married Gerard de Lisle, 1st Baron Lisle 
Elizabeth  -  - Married William Latimer, 4th Baron Latimer 

Parents
FITZ ALAN Richard (3 Feb 1267 - 9 Mar 1302)
DE SALUZZO Alice (Alisona) (ABT 1267 - 25 Sep 1292)

Siblings
FITZ ALAN Edmund (1 May 1283 - 17 Nov 1326)
FITZ ALAN (ARUNDEL) Eleanor (ABT 1284 - Jul 1328)

Marriage To DE WARREN Alice (15 Jun 1287 - 23 May 1338)
    m. 1305 

Notes

Parents
PLANTAGENT- WARENNE William (9 Feb 1256 - 15 Dec 1286)
DE VERE Joan (ABT 1260 - 21 Nov 1293)

Children by DE WARREN Alice 15 Jun 1287 - 23 May 1338
FITZ ALAN Richard "Cropped Hat" (ABT 1313 - 24 Jan 1376)
FITZ ALAN Aline (Olive) (1325 - 20 Jan 1386)

Produced by Fzip 1.7 6/20/2017