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____ Basil I "the Macedonian"
Birth: 827 of Adrianople
Death: 29 Aug 889
Notes
another source has b 812
per Stuart, parentage of Leo VI is in dispute.... could be son of Emperor Michael III to
whom Eudoxia Ingerina was a mistress.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basil_I
Basil I, called the Macedonian (Greek: ?as??e??? ? ?a?ed??, Basíleios o Maked?n;
811 – August 29, 886) was a Byzantine Emperor who reigned from 867 to 886. Born a
simple peasant in the Byzantine theme of Macedonia, he rose in the Imperial court,
and usurped the Imperial throne from Emperor Michael III (r. 842–867). Despite his
humble origins, he showed great ability in running the affairs of state, leading to a
revival of Imperial power and a renaissance of Byzantine art. He was perceived by the
Byzantines as one of their greatest emperors, and the Macedonian dynasty, which he
founded, ruled over what is regarded as the most glorious and prosperous era of the
Byzantine Empire.
From peasant to emperor[edit]
Basil was born to peasant parents in late 811 (or sometime in the 830s in the
estimation of some scholars) at Charioupolis in the Byzantine theme of Macedonia (an
administrative division corresponding to the area of Adrianople in Thrace).[1][2]
The name of his father is unknown, but the name of his grandfather was Maďktes; his
mother was named Pankalo (Pagkalo?), and her father was called Leo.[3] His ethnic
origin is unknown, and has been a subject of debate. During Basil's reign, an
elaborate genealogy was produced that purported that his ancestors were not mere
peasants, as everyone believed, but descendants of the Arsacid (Arshakuni) kings of
Armenia, and also of Constantine the Great.[4][5] The Armenian historians Samuel of
Ani and Stephen of Taron record that he hailed from the village of Thil in Taron.[3] In
contrast, Arab writers such as Hamza al Isfahani,[6] or al-Tabari call both Basil and his
mother Saqlabi, an ethnogeographic term that usually denoted the Slavs, but can also
be interpreted as a generic term encompassing the inhabitants of the region between
Constantinople and Bulgaria.[7] Claims have therefore been made for an Armenian,[8]
Slavic,[6][9] or indeed "Armeno-Slavonic"[2] origin for Basil I. The name of his mother,
Pankalo (?a??a??), points to a Greek origin on the maternal side.[7] The general
scholarly consensus is that Basil's father was "probably" of Armenian origin, and
settled in Byzantine Thrace.[3] The author of the only dedicated biography of Basil I in
English has concluded that it is impossible to be certain what the ethnic origins of the
emperor were, though Basil was definitely reliant on the support of Armenians in
prominent positions within the Byzantine Empire.[10]
One story asserts that he had spent a part of his childhood in captivity in Bulgaria,
where his family had, allegedly, been carried off as captives of the Khan Krum (r.
803–814) in 813. Basil lived there until 836, when he and several others escaped to
Byzantine-held territory in Thrace.[1] Basil was ultimately lucky enough to enter the
service of Theophilitzes, a relative of the Caesar Bardas (the uncle of Emperor
Michael III), as a groom. While serving Theophilitzes, he visited the city of Patras,
where he gained the favour of Danielis, a wealthy woman who took him into her
household and endowed him with a fortune.[11] He also earned the notice of Michael
III by his abilities as a horse tamer and in winning a victory over a Bulgarian champion
in a wrestling match; he soon became the Byzantine Emperor's companion, confidant,
and bodyguard (parakoimomenos).[12]
On Emperor Michael's orders, Basil divorced his wife Maria and married Eudokia
Ingerina, Michael's favourite mistress, in around 865.[11] During an expedition against
the Arabs, Basil convinced Michael III that his uncle Bardas coveted the Byzantine
throne, and subsequently murdered Bardas with Michael's approval on April 21, 866.
Basil then became the leading personality at court and was invested in the now
vacant dignity of kaisar (caesar), before being crowned co-emperor on May 26, 866.
This promotion may have included Basil's adoption by Michael III, himself a much
younger man. It was commonly believed that Leo VI, Basil's successor and reputed
son, was really the son of Michael.[11] Although Basil seems to have shared this belief
(and hated Leo), the subsequent promotion of Basil to caesar and then co-emperor
provided the child with a legitimate and Imperial parent and secured his succession to
the Byzantine throne. It is notable that when Leo was born, Michael III celebrated the
event with public chariot races, whilst he pointedly instructed Basil not to presume on
his new position as junior emperor.[13]
When Michael III started to favour another courtier, Basiliskianos, Basil decided that
his position was being undermined. Michael threatened to invest Basiliskianos with the
Imperial title and this induced Basil to pre-empt events by organizing the assassination
of Michael on the night of September 23/24, 867. Michael and Basiliskianos were
insensibly drunk following a banquet at the palace of Anthimos when Basil, with a
small group of companions (including his father Bardas, brother Marinos, and cousin
Ayleon), gained entry. The locks to the chamber doors had been tampered with and
the chamberlain had not posted guards; both victims were then put to the sword.[14]
On Michael III's death, Basil, as an already acclaimed co-emperor, automatically
became the ruling basileus.[15
Family[edit]
Aspects of the family relationships of Basil I are uncertain and open to a variety of
interpretations, the information given below should not be treated as comprehensive or
definite.[23]
By his first wife Maria, Basil I had several children, including:
Bardas.
Anastasia, who married the general Christopher.
Constantine (circa 865 – September 3, 879), co-emperor to Basil from January 6, 868
to his death. According to George Alexandrovic Ostrogorsky, Constantine was
betrothed to Ermengard of Provence, daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Louis II and
Engelberga in 869. The marital contract was broken in 871 when relations between
Basil and Louis broke down.
By his second wife, Eudokia Ingerina, Basil I officially had the following children:
Leo VI, who succeeded as Byzantine emperor and may actually have been a son of
Michael III.
Stephen I, Patriarch of Constantinople, who may also actually have been a son of
Michael III.
Alexander, who succeeded as Byzantine emperor in 912.
Anna Porphyrogenita, a nun at the convent of St. Euphemia in Petrion.
Helena Porphyrogenita, a nun at the convent of St. Euphemia in Petrion.
Maria Porphyrogenita, a mother of nuns at the convent of St. Euphemia in Petrion.
In culture[edit]
Harry Turtledove, a historian noted for his speculative fiction based on alternative
history, has written several series set in a place called Videssos, which is a thinly
disguised Byzantine Empire. The Tale of Krispos trilogy – Krispos Rising (1991),
Krispos of Videssos (1991), and Krispos the Emperor (1994) – are fictionalized tellings
of the rise of Basil and his sons.
Stephen Lawhead's book, Byzantium (1996), uses the succession of Basil I as seed
for the conspiracy which occupies most of the novel.
Parents
____ Konstantinos (ABT 785 - )
____ Pancalo (ABT 785 - )
Siblings
____ Bardas (ABT 815 - )
____ Basil I "the Macedonian" ( 827 - 29 Aug 889)
Marriage To INGERINA Eudoxia (ABT 835 - ABT 882)
m.
Notes
Parents
MARTINAKIOS Inger ()
----- ----- ()
Children by INGERINA Eudoxia ABT 835 - ABT 882
____ Leo VI "the Philosopher" (1 Sep 866 - 12 May 912)
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