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Birth:          ABT 1041 of Krakow, Poland
Death:          29 Jul 1095 

Notes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladislaus_I_of_Hungary
Ladislaus I or Ladislas I, also Saint Ladislaus or Saint Ladislas (Hungarian: I or Szent 
László; Croatian: Ladislav I.; Slovak: Svätý Ladislav I; Polish: Wladyslaw I Swiety; c. 
1040 – 29 July 1095) was King of Hungary from 1077 and King of Croatia from 1091. 
He was the second son of King Béla I of Hungary. After Béla's death in 1063, 
Ladislaus and his elder brother, Géza, acknowledged their cousin, Solomon as the 
lawful king in exchange for receiving their father's former duchy, which included one-
third of the kingdom. Géza and Ladislaus cooperated with Solomon for the next 
decade. Ladislaus's most popular legend, which narrates his fight with a "Cuman" (a 
Turkic nomad marauder) who abducted a Hungarian girl, is connected to this period. 
Géza's and Ladislaus's relationship with Solomon deteriorated in the early 1070s, and 
they rebelled against him. Géza was proclaimed king in 1074, but Solomon maintained 
control of the western regions of his kingdom. During Géza's reign, Ladislaus was his 
brother's most influential adviser.

Géza died in 1077, and his supporters made Ladislaus king. Solomon resisted 
Ladislaus with the assistance of King Henry IV of Germany. Ladislaus supported Henry 
IV's opponents during the Investiture Controversy. In 1081, Solomon abdicated and 
acknowledged Ladislaus's reign, but he conspired to regain the royal crown and 
Ladislaus imprisoned him. Ladislaus canonized the first Hungarian saints (including his 
distant relatives, King Stephen I and Duke Emeric) in 1085. He set Solomon free 
during the canonization ceremony.

After a series of civil wars, Ladislaus's main focus was the restoration of public safety. 
He introduced severe legislation, punishing those who violated property rights with 
death or mutilation. He occupied almost all Croatia in 1091, which marked the 
beginning of an expansion period for the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. Ladislaus's 
victories over the Pechenegs and Cumans ensured the security of his kingdom's 
eastern borders for about 150 years. His relationship with the Holy See deteriorated 
during the last years of his reign, as the popes claimed that Croatia was their fief, but 
Ladislaus denied their claims.

Ladislaus was canonized on 27 June 1192 by Pope Celestine III. Legends depict him 
as a pious knight-king, "the incarnation of the late-medieval Hungarian ideal of 
chivalry."[1] He is a popular saint in Hungary and neighboring nations, where many 
churches are dedicated to him.
Early years (before 1064)[edit]

Ladislaus was the second son of the future King Béla I of Hungary and his wife, 
Richeza (or Adelaide), who was a daughter of King Mieszko II of Poland.[2][3] 
Ladislaus and his elder brother, Géza, were born in Poland, where Béla had settled in 
the 1030s after being banished from Hungary.[4][5] Ladislaus was born around 1040.
[4] Ladislaus's "physical and spiritual makeup testified to God's gracious will even at 
his birth", according to his late-12th-century Legend.[6] The almost contemporaneous 
Gallus Anonymus wrote that Ladislaus was "raised from childhood in Poland" and 
almost became a "Pole in his ways and life".[5][7] He received a Slavic name; 
"Ladislaus" is the Hungarian version of "Vladislav".[4]

Béla and his family returned to Hungary around 1048.[4] Béla received the so-called 
"Duchy" – which encompassed one-third of the kingdom – from his brother, King 
Andrew I of Hungary.[8][9][10] The Illuminated Chronicle mentions that Andrew's son, 
Solomon, "was anointed king with the consent of Duke Bela and his sons Geysa and 
Ladislaus"[11] in 1057 or 1058.[4]

Béla, who had been Andrew's heir before Solomon's coronation, left for Poland in 
1059; his sons accompanied him.[4][12] They returned with Polish reinforcements and 
began a rebellion against Andrew.[8][13] After defeating Andrew, Béla was crowned 
king on 6 December 1060.[13] Solomon left the country, taking refuge in the Holy 
Roman Empire.[14][15] Béla I died on 11 September 1063, some time before German 
troops entered Hungary in order to restore Solomon.[12] Ladislaus and his brothers, 
Géza and Lampert, went back to Poland, and Solomon was once again crowned king 
in Székesfehérvár.[4][16] The three brothers returned when the Germans left 
Hungary.[17] To avoid another civil war, the brothers signed a treaty with Solomon on 
20 January 1064,[17][18] acknowledging Solomon's reign in exchange for their father's 
duchy.[18][19]
***
Last years (1092–1095)[edit]

Ladislaus intervened in a conflict between Wladislaw I Herman, Duke of Poland, and 
the duke's illegitimate son, Zbigniew, on the latter's behalf.[93] He marched to Poland 
and captured Wladislaw I Herman's younger son, Boleslav, in 1093.[93] At Ladislaus's 
demand, Wladislaw I Herman declared Zbigniew his legitimate son.[94] The Illuminated 
Chronicle also mentions that the Hungarian troops captured Cracow during Ladislaus's 
campaign, but the credibility of this report has been questioned.[78]

The Illuminated Chronicle states that "messengers from France and from Spain, from 
England and Britain, and especially from Willermus, the brother of the King of the 
Franks" visited Ladislaus in Bodrog (near present-day Backi Monoštor in Serbia) on 
Easter 1095, asking him to lead their crusade to the Holy Land.[95][96] Ladislaus's 
legend says that he decided "to go to Jerusalem, and to die there for Christ".[97] The 
whole story was invented, probably during the reign of King Béla III of Hungary (who 
was actually planning to lead a crusade to the Holy Land in the 1190s), according to 
historian Gábor Klaniczay.[98] However, Ladislaus did plan to invade Bohemia, 
because he wanted to assist his sister's sons, Svatopluk and Otto.[80] He became 
seriously ill before reaching Moravia.[80][99] The Illuminated Chronicle narrates that 
Ladislaus, who had no sons, "called together his chief men", telling them that his 
brother's younger son, Álmos, "should reign after him".[80][99][100]

Ladislaus died near the Hungarian-Bohemian border on 29 July 1095.[80] A papal bull 
of Pope Paschal II in 1106 states that Ladislaus's "venerable body rests" in 
Somogyvár Abbey, implying that Ladislaus had been buried in Somogyvár.[101] On the 
other hand, Ladislaus's late 12th-century "Legend" provides that his attendants buried 
him in Székesfehérvár, but the cart carrying his body "set out to Várad on its own, 
unassisted by any draft animal".[101
Historian Gyula Kristó says that Ladislaus had a first wife,[49] but her name and family 
are not known.[49] She gave birth to a daughter, whose name is also unknown.[49] 
Ladislaus's daughter married Prince Iaroslav Sviatopolchich of Volhinia around 1090.
[49] Ladislaus married again in 1078, to Adelaide, a daughter of the German anti-king 
Rudolf of Swabia.[49] Their only known child, Piroska, became the wife of the 
Byzantine Emperor John II Komnenos in 1105 or 1106.[105]



Parents
____ Bela I (ABT 1010 - 1063)
OF POLAND Richeza (Rixa) (22 Sep 1013 - 21 May 1075)

Siblings
____ Ladislas (Laszlo) I "the Saint" (ABT 1041 - 29 Jul 1095)
OF HUNGARY Sophia (ABT 1041 - )
____ Geza (Geysa) I (ABT 1044 - 25 Apr 1077)

Marriage To OF RHEINFELDEN Adelaide (Adelheid) (ABT 1066 - May 1090)
    m.  

Notes

Parents
OF RHEINFELDEN Rudolf (ABT 1025 - 15 Oct 1080)
OF MAURIENNE Adelaide (ABT 1047 - 1079)

Children by OF RHEINFELDEN Adelaide (Adelheid) ABT 1066 - May 1090
____ Pyriska (Irene) (Eirene) (ABT 1080 - 13 Aug 1134)

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