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Birth:          ABT 1175 of Zaragoza, Spain
Death:          14 Sep 1213 Muret, Haute-Garonne, France
Burial:         Monasterio di Sijena, Huesca, Spain

Notes
b abt 1174/6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_II_of_Aragon
Peter II the Catholic (July 1178 – 12 September 1213) was the King of Aragon and 
Count of Barcelona from 1196 to 1213.

He was born in Huesca,[3] the son of Alfonso II of Aragon and Sancha of Castile. In 
1205 he acknowledged the feudal supremacy of the papacy and was crowned in 
Rome by Pope Innocent III, swearing to defend the Catholic faith (hence his surname, 
"the Catholic").[4] He was the first king of Aragon to be crowned by the pope.[5]

In the first decade of the thirteenth century he commissioned the Liber feudorum 
Ceritaniae, an illustrated codex cartulary for the counties of Cerdagne, Conflent, and 
Roussillon.

On June 15, 1204 he married (as her third husband) Marie of Montpellier,[6] daughter 
and heiress of William VIII of Montpellier by Eudocia Comnena. She gave him a son, 
James, but Peter soon repudiated her. Marie was popularly venerated as a saint for 
her piety and marital suffering, but was never canonized; she died in Rome in 1213.

Marie also perhaps bore Peter II a daughter, "Sancha", at Collioure in October, 1205 
according to Christian Nique.[7] ("Sancha" was born in 1206 according to other 
accounts; in 1208 according to Mark Gregory Pegg,[8] but February 1208 is more 
likely the year the couple's son was born). Sancha was betrothed to Raymond VII the 
son Count Raymond VI of Toulouse, not long after her birth, according to Nique, only 
days (sources differ as to how long). The marriage contract included Marie's 
inheritance, Montpellier, which was to be passed to the child immediately should 
something happen to Peter, says Nique, citing documents discovered in 1850,[9] 
something Marie would at first not agree too, but finally agreed to a few months later, 
stating that she had agreed under pressure.[7] However the child's younger brother 
James makes no mention of her and Sancha was apparently dead before the New 
Year, according to Nique's information.[7]

He participated in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212 which marked the 
turning point of Muslim domination in the Iberian peninsula.[10]

The Crown of Aragon was widespread in the area that is now southernwestern France, 
but which at that time was under the control of vassal local princes, such as the 
Counts of Toulouse. The Cathars or Albigenses rejected the authority and the 
teachings of the Catholic Church. Innocent called upon Philip Augustus of France to 
suppress the Albigenses. Under the leadership of Simon of Montfort a campaign was 
launched. The Albigensian Crusade, begun in 1209, led to the slaughter of 
approximately 20,000 men, women and children, Cathar and Catholic alike. Over the 
course of twenty years military campaigns essentially destroyed the previously 
flourishing civilization of Occitania and by 1229 brought the region firmly under the 
control of the King of France, and the Capetian dynasty from the north of France.

Peter returned from Las Navas in autumn 1212 to find that Simon de Montfort had 
conquered Toulouse, exiling Count Raymond VI of Toulouse, who was Peter's brother-
in-law and vassal.[11]Peter crossed the Pyrenees and arrived at Muret in September 
1213 to confront Montfort's army.[10] He was accompanied by Raymond of Toulouse, 
who tried to persuade Peter to avoid battle and instead starve out Montfort's forces. 
This suggestion was rejected.

The Battle of Muret began on September 12, 1213.[10] The Aragonese forces were 
disorganized and disintegrated under the assault of Montfort's squadrons.[10] Peter 
himself was caught in the thick of fighting, and died as a result of a foolhardy act of 
bravado. He was thrown to the ground and killed.[10] The Aragonese forces broke in 
panic when their king was slain and Montfort's crusaders won a crushing victory.[10]

The nobility of Toulouse, vassals of the Crown of Aragon, were defeated. The conflict 
culminated in the Treaty of Meaux-Paris in 1229, in which the integration of the 
Occitan territory into the French crown was agreed upon.

Upon Peter's death, the kingdom passed to his only son by Marie of Montpellier, the 
future James the Conqueror.

Parents
____ Alfonso II "The Chaste" (Mar 1157 - 25 Apr 1196)
____ Sancha (Sanchia) (21 Sep 1154 - 9 Nov 1208)

Siblings
OF ARAGON Alfonso II (1174 - Feb 1209)
____ Pedro II "the Catholic" (ABT 1175 - 14 Sep 1213)

Marriage To DE MONTPELIER Maria (1182 - 21 Jan 1213)
    m. 15 Jun 1204 

Notes
her 3d

Parents
____ William (Guillaume) VIII (1158 - 1202)
KOMNENA Eudoxia (Euxodia) (1162 - ABT 1203)

Children by DE MONTPELIER Maria 1182 - 21 Jan 1213
____ Jaime I "The Conqueror" (1 Feb 1207 - 25 Jul 1276)

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