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Birth:          12 Apr 1266 of Dublin, Ireland
Death:          29 Sep 1300 

Notes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juliana_FitzGerald,_Lady_of_Thomond
Juliana FitzMaurice, Lady of Thomond (12 April 1266 - 29 September 1300) was a 
Norman-Irish noblewoman, the daughter of Maurice FitzGerald, 3rd Lord of Offaly, and 
the wife of Thomas de Clare, Lord of Thomond, a powerful Anglo-Norman baron in 
Ireland, who was a younger brother of Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford. Juliana 
was married three times; Thomas being her first. She is sometimes referred to as 
Juliane FitzMaurice.
Early life and family[edit]

Juliana FitzMaurice was born on 12 April 1266 in Dublin, Ireland, the eldest daughter 
of Maurice FitzGerald II, 3rd Lord of Offaly, Justiciar of Ireland and Maud de 
Prendergast. She had a sister Amabel who married but was childless. Her first cousin 
was John FitzGerald, 1st Earl of Kildare. Her paternal grandparents were Maurice 
FitzGerald I, 2nd Lord of Offaly and Juliana, and her maternal grandparents were Sir 
Gerald de Prendergast of Beauvoir and the unnamed daughter of Richard Mor de 
Burgh, Lord of Connacht and Egidia de Lacy. Juliana's maternal ancestors included 
Brian Boru, Dermot McMurrough, and Maud de Braose.

Juliana's father, Maurice FitzGerald, was married twice, first to Maud de Prendergast 
and secondly to Emmeline Longespee. It has been some source of contention as to 
which of his two wives had issue Juliana. However, at her death, Emmeline 
Longespee did not mention Juliana as her daughter and heir; rather, Emmeline's heir 
was her niece, Maud la Zouche, wife of Robert la Zouche, 1st Lord Holland. It has 
been concluded by several reputable researchers that Juliana's mother was Maurice 
FitzGerald's first wife, Maud de Prendergast. Supporters for Emmeline Longespee 
being the mother have yet to produce any counter-evidence beyond hearsay.

Marriages and issue[edit]

In 1278, at the age of 12, Juliana married her first husband, Thomas de Clare, Lord of 
Inchiquin and Youghal. He was the second eldest son of Richard de Clare, 5th Earl of 
Hertford, 2nd Earl of Gloucester and Maud de Lacy. Thomas was a friend of King 
Edward I of England, with whom he went on a Crusade. He held many important posts 
including the Office of Governor of Colchester Castle (1266), Governor of the City of 
London (1273). He was also the commander of the English forces in Munster, Ireland, 
and on 26 January 1276, he was granted the lordship of Thomond. He was born in 
1245, which made him about eighteen years older than Juliana. Throughout their 
marriage, the couple lived in both Ireland and England. It is recorded that on 5 May 
1284, King Edward notified his lieges and bailiffs in Ireland of the attorneys who were 
to act on behalf of Thomas and Juliana as they were in England at the time. This 
arrangement continued for another three years except while they were residing in 
Ireland.[1]

Thomas and Juliana had four children:[2]
Maud de Clare (c. 1276–1326/27), married firstly on 3 November 1295 Robert de 
Clifford, 1st Baron de Clifford, by whom she had issue; she married secondly after 
1314 Robert de Welle.
Gilbert de Clare, Lord of Thomond (3 February 1281–1308)
Richard de Clare, Steward of Forest of Essex, 1st Lord Clare, Lord of Thomond (after 
1281 – 10 May 1318 at the Battle of Dysert O'Dea), married a woman by the name of 
Joan by whom he fathered one son, Thomas.
Margaret de Clare (c. 1 April 1287 – 22 October 1333), married firstly in 1303 Gilbert de 
Umfraville; she married secondly before 30 June 1308 Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 
1st Lord Badlesmere, by whom she had four daughters and one son.

The era was marked by unrest and strife as civil war was waged between rival 
factions of the powerful O'Brien clan. In 1277, Juliana's husband had his former ally 
Brian Ruad, the deposed King of Thomond, hanged for treason at Bunratty.[3]

Thomas died on 29 August 1287, leaving Juliana a widow at the age of twenty-four 
with four small children; the youngest, Margaret was not quite five months old. On an 
unknown date she married her second husband, Nicholas Avenel. He presumably died 
before 11 December 1291/16 February 1292, as this is when she married her third 
husband, Adam de Cretynges.[4][5]

Death and legacy[edit]

Juliana died on 24 September 1300. Her numerous descendants included Ralph 
Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland who married Lady Joan Beaufort and thus their 
descendant, the English king Edward IV. By Edward IV's daughter, Elizabeth of York, 
consort of Henry VII, she was an ancestress to all subsequent monarchs of England 
and the current British Royal Family. Henry VIII's queens consort Anne Boleyn, Jane 
Seymour, Catherine Howard, and Catherine Parr also descended from her.

Parents
FITZ GERALD Maurice (1238 - BEF 10 Nov 1286)
DE PRENDERGAST Maud (17 Mar 1242 - BEF 1273)

Siblings
FITZ GERALD Juliana (12 Apr 1266 - 29 Sep 1300)

Marriage To DE CLARE Thomas (ABT 1245 - Feb 1288)
    m.  

Notes

Parents
DE CLARE Richard (4 Aug 1222 - 14 Jul 1262)
DE LACY Maud (25 Jan 1223 - 10 Mar 1289)

Children by DE CLARE Thomas ABT 1245 - Feb 1288
DE CLARE Maud (ABT 1282 - 1 Feb 1327)
DE CLARE Margaret (ABT 1 Apr 1287 - 22 Oct 1333)

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